{"id":2667,"date":"2024-03-27T01:31:50","date_gmt":"2024-03-27T01:31:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/egyptianforum.org\/?p=2667"},"modified":"2024-03-30T01:33:40","modified_gmt":"2024-03-30T01:33:40","slug":"joint-statement-egyptian-authorities-must-end-arbitrary-detentions-and-forced-deportations-of-sudanese-refugees-and-asylum-seekers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/egyptianforum.org\/en\/joint-statement-egyptian-authorities-must-end-arbitrary-detentions-and-forced-deportations-of-sudanese-refugees-and-asylum-seekers\/","title":{"rendered":"Joint Statement: Egyptian authorities must end arbitrary detentions and forced deportations of Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"1\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"2\">The undersigned organizations urge the Egyptian authorities to immediately stop the serious abuses against Sudanese seeking refuge in Egypt. After issuing <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/editions\/rpe-comments-on-cabinet-decision-no-3326-of-2023-exploitation-from-a-punitive-perspective-violates-the-law-and-fails-to-achieve-its-purpose\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"3\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"4\">Decree No. 3326 of 2023<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"5\">, end of August 2023, authorities have arrested and detained Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers in inhumane conditions, subjected them to unfair trials, and forcibly returned them to Sudan in violation of Egypt\u2019s international obligations, well-established human rights principles and agreements, and Egypt\u2019s constitution.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"6\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"7\">Since April 2023, Sudan has been ravaged by conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), resulting in widespread violence against civilians and rampant sexual assaults. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unocha.org\/publications\/report\/sudan\/sudan-humanitarian-update-23-february-2024-enar\" data-reader-unique-id=\"8\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"9\">Millions<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"10\"> have been displaced, leading to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aljazeera.com\/news\/2024\/3\/16\/sudan-un-warns-5-million-could-suffer-catastrophic-hunger-amid-war\" data-reader-unique-id=\"11\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"12\">severe food shortages<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"13\"> and a heightened risk of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.unicef.org\/press-releases\/statement-unicef-executive-director-catherine-russell-children-sudan-risk-famine\" data-reader-unique-id=\"14\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"15\">famine<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"16\">. The situation remains perilous for Sudanese citizens, with ongoing violence and human rights abuses making it unsafe for them to return home.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"17\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"18\">Reports indicate that both the SAF and RSF have committed <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/latest\/news\/2023\/08\/sudan-war-crimes-rampant-as-civilians-killed-in-both-deliberate-and-indiscriminate-attacks-new-report\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"19\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"20\">war crimes<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"21\">, while the RSF and allied militias have engaged in crimes against humanity and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2023\/06\/1137647\" data-reader-unique-id=\"22\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"23\">ethnic cleansing<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"24\">. Urgent international action is needed to address these atrocities and ensure justice for the victims, ending decades of impunity in Sudan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"25\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"26\">On August 29, 2023, the Egyptian government issued <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/editions\/rpe-comments-on-cabinet-decision-no-3326-of-2023-exploitation-from-a-punitive-perspective-violates-the-law-and-fails-to-achieve-its-purpose\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"27\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"28\">Decree No. 3326 of 2023<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"29\">, which allows migrants to legalize their stay in Egypt by paying $1,000 and late fines.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"30\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"31\">Immediately afterwards, The <\/span><span data-reader-unique-id=\"32\">Refugees Platform in Egypt <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"33\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"34\">(RPE)<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"35\">, The Regional Coalition for Women Human Rights Defenders <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.whrdmena.org\/?lang=en\" data-reader-unique-id=\"36\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"37\">(WHRDs) in MENA<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"38\">, and other human rights groups<\/span> <span data-reader-unique-id=\"39\">have been receiving and documenting hundreds of reports of systematic arrest of refugees and migrants, arbitrary detention, and forcible return campaigns carried out by the Egyptian authorities against Sudanese.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"40\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"41\">The arrest deportation campaigns began in late August 2023 and are still ongoing. Egyptian authorities are conducting these arrests nationwide, <\/span><b data-reader-unique-id=\"42\">inside cities<\/b><span data-reader-unique-id=\"43\"> like Cairo, Giza, Aswan, the Red Sea, Matrouh, and Alexandria, and along <\/span><b data-reader-unique-id=\"44\">Egypt\u2019s southern border.<\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"45\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"46\">The types of violations to which detainees are subjected vary according to the geographical area where the arrests occurred.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"47\"><b data-reader-unique-id=\"48\">In Cairo, Giza, and Alexandria,<\/b><span data-reader-unique-id=\"49\"> the testimonies of victims of these abuses show a clear pattern of authorities targeting Black people for arbitrary arrests in raids on residential areas of African nationalities and arbitrary arrests in the streets, bus stops, and metro stations.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"50\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"51\">While detained, they are denied access to their families, advocates, and the UNHCR. Detainees live in inhumane conditions in detention centers, denied visits and access to health care. Authorities have prevented UNHCR from registering detainees\u2019 names.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"52\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"53\">The Public Prosecution Office has brought charges against detainees in several cases of \u201cirregular presence\u201d \u2013 even if they are registered with <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/editions\/deprived-of-access-to-services-and-at-risk-a-status-report-on-the-registration-services-system-issues-at-unhcr-egypt\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"54\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"55\">UNHCR<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"56\"> or have registration or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/editions\/deprived-of-access-to-services-and-at-risk-a-status-report-on-the-registration-services-system-issues-at-unhcr-egypt\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"57\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"58\">renewal dates<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"59\"> for their UNHCR card or residence permit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"60\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"61\">Once a decision to deport the detainee has been issued, the detainee is presented to the Sudanese embassy to obtain a travel document and purchase airline tickets at their own expense. Many are forced to sign official papers, some known as \u201cvoluntary return\u201d forms, stating the person\u2019s desire to return to their country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"62\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"63\">Detainees may be released from detention only after the approval of the competent administrative body, such as the Passport and Immigration Sector and the National Security Sector at the Ministry of Interior.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"64\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"65\">If legalization is approved, National Security Sector approval is required first. Then, payment through the payment procedures in the Passports and Immigration Sector and an Egyptian guarantor is required, and another approval from security services is required. While completing the procedures, the detainee remains in detention.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"66\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"67\">However, even if they choose to pay the legalization fee, Sudanese and other migrants may still face detention and deportation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"68\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"69\">In some cases, authorities have even deported Sudanese who are registered with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Egypt and those with valid residency in Egypt who are waiting to register.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"70\"><b data-reader-unique-id=\"71\">On the Egyptian-Sudanese border:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/editions\/from-sudan-to-egypt-egyptian-decisions-spark-high-risk-irregular-migration-movement\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"72\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"73\">Egypt\u2019s restrictions<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"74\"> on Sudanese migration have resulted in an irregular migration movement. This comes with high risks that include exploitation, suspicions of trafficking, and fraud. Thus, instead of protecting asylum seekers, Egypt has adopted a punishment policy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"75\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"76\">In locations at or near the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/rpegy.org\/en\/editions\/harsher-penalties-and-undocumented-migration-legal-crossroads-and-everyday-problems\/\" data-reader-unique-id=\"77\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"78\">border<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"79\">, Egypt\u2019s Border Guard Forces, which are affiliated with the Egyptian army, detain Sudanese migrants, including women and children, in camps that are not registered in Egypt as legal detention centers. In these camps, detainees are not allowed to communicate with the outside world and are denied access to UNHCR services and legal counsel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"80\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"81\">Human rights organizations and groups have been documenting evidence that women are detained in deplorable conditions, including pregnant women, just before giving birth. Detainees also include children of different ages and the sick.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"82\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"83\">In some cases, the authorities accuse some migrants of \u201csmuggling\u201d, and the process ends with forced return through border crossings, even for those with UNHCR registration appointments.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"84\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"85\">The organizations also documented the high costs of irregular entry and various forms of fraud and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/eastandhornofafrica.iom.int\/sites\/g\/files\/tmzbdl701\/files\/documents\/2023-12\/iom-rdh_northern-corridor-research_voices-from-the-sudan-conflict.pdf\" data-reader-unique-id=\"86\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"87\">exploitation<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"88\"> they face when attempting the journey. For example, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/english.ahram.org.eg\/NewsContent\/1\/1235\/518164\/Egypt\/Urban--Transport\/-Sudanese-killed,--others-injured-in-Aswan-car-acc.aspx\" data-reader-unique-id=\"89\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"90\">accidents<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"91\"> involving overturned vehicles carrying migrants have increased. These accidents are not transparently investigated, unidentified bodies are not dealt with properly, and the injured and survivors are deported to Sudan through border crossings even before their recovery period is over.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"92\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"93\">Egypt is a signatory to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/instruments-mechanisms\/instruments\/international-covenant-civil-and-political-rights\" data-reader-unique-id=\"94\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"95\">(ICCPR)<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"96\">, which prohibits arbitrary deportation under Article 13 and grants foreigners the right to make an individual decision regarding their deportation. The United Nations Human Rights Committee has interpreted Article 7 of the ICCPR to prohibit the <\/span><i data-reader-unique-id=\"97\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"98\">refoulement<\/span><\/i><span data-reader-unique-id=\"99\">, or the forcible return of persons to places where they would be at risk of torture or cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment or punishment. Both the Convention Against Torture and the African Refugee Convention, in addition to the UN Refugee Convention (all to which Egypt is a party), prohibit signatory states from sending people to countries where they face a risk of persecution or torture. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/au.int\/sites\/default\/files\/treaties\/36400-treaty-0005_-_oau_convention_governing_the_specific_aspects_of_refugee_problems_in_africa_e.pdf\" data-reader-unique-id=\"100\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"101\">The OAU Convention<\/span><\/a><span data-reader-unique-id=\"102\"> calls on state parties to use their \u201cbest efforts\u201d to receive refugees and provide them asylum.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"104\"><b data-reader-unique-id=\"105\">The undersigned organizations call on the Egyptian government and authorities to:<\/b><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"106\">\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"107\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"108\">Immediately stop targeting Sudanese asylum seekers, refugees, and migrants for arbitrary arrest, detention and forced deportation;<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"109\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"110\">Commit to implementing the international treaties to which it has committed itself, particularly the prohibition of the forcible return of refugees to the country from which they fled and where they face danger in the event of deportation and expulsion;<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"111\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"112\">Allow asylum seekers access to registration and regularization services without barriers or fees,<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"113\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"114\">Allow UNHCR, lawyers, family members, and human rights organizations access to detainees.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"115\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"116\">Enforce the Four Freedoms agreement between Sudan and Egypt, which guarantees freedom of movement for women and children between the two countries;<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"117\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"118\">Stop detaining Sudanese migrants in unlawful detention camps at the borders.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"119\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"120\">Ensure that Sudanese pregnant women are provided with measures that ensure their physical safety, privacy, and suitable locations to rest and access emergency medical care.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"121\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"122\">Put in immediate place a mechanism that guarantees complete access to medical services and comprehensive recovery periods, including facilitating entry and registration processes due to their vulnerable conditions<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\" data-reader-unique-id=\"124\"><b data-reader-unique-id=\"125\">Signatories:<\/b><\/h4>\n<ol data-reader-unique-id=\"126\">\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"127\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"128\">The Regional Coalition for Women Human Rights Defenders (WHRDs) in MENA<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"129\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"130\">The Darfur Bar Association<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"131\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"132\">El Nadeem Center against Violence and Torture<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"133\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"134\">HuMENA for Human Rights and Civic Engagement<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"135\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"136\">Nora organization for compacting violence against women\u2019s and girls\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"137\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"138\">Human Rights Concern \u2013 Eritrea (HRCE)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"139\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"140\">Refugees Platform in Egypt (RPE)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"141\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"142\">Captain Support<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"143\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"144\">de:border \/\/ migration justice collective<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"145\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"146\">migration-control.info project<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"147\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"148\">Statewatch<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"149\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"150\">Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies (CIHRS)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"151\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"152\">The Tahrir Institute for Middle East Policy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"153\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"154\">EuroMed Rights<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"155\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"156\">MENA Rights Group<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"157\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"158\">MV Louise Michel<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"159\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"160\">Watch the med. Alarmphone<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"161\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"162\">Maldusa project<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"163\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"164\">International Service for Human Rights (ISHR)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"165\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"166\">Intersection Association for Rights and Freedoms<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"167\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"168\">Egyptian Human Rights Forum<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"169\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"170\">Refugees International<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"171\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"172\">Emergency Lawyers<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"173\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"174\">Sudanyat for Change<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"175\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"176\">Sudanese Women Rights Action (SUWRA)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"177\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"178\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u2013 Sahaba Peace and Development Organization<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\" aria-level=\"1\" data-reader-unique-id=\"179\"><span data-reader-unique-id=\"180\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 Governance Programming Overseas<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The undersigned organizations urge the Egyptian authorities to immediately stop the serious abuses against Sudanese seeking refuge in Egypt. After issuing Decree No. 3326 of 2023, end of August 2023, authorities have arrested and detained Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers in inhumane conditions, subjected them to unfair trials, and forcibly returned them to Sudan in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2665,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-statements"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.0 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Joint Statement: Egyptian authorities must end arbitrary detentions and forced deportations of Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers - Egyptian Human Rights Forum<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/egyptianforum.org\/en\/joint-statement-egyptian-authorities-must-end-arbitrary-detentions-and-forced-deportations-of-sudanese-refugees-and-asylum-seekers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Joint Statement: Egyptian authorities must end arbitrary detentions and forced deportations of Sudanese refugees and asylum seekers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The undersigned organizations urge the Egyptian authorities to immediately stop the serious abuses against Sudanese seeking refuge in Egypt. 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